/* Reset and Base Styles */
* {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

:root {
    --primary-color: #2563eb;
    --primary-dark: #1d4ed8;
    --secondary-color: #64748b;
    --accent-color: #f59e0b;
    --text-dark: #1e293b;
    --text-light: #64748b;
    --bg-light: #f8fafc;
    --bg-white: #ffffff;
    --border-color: #e2e8f0;
    --shadow-sm: 0 1px 2px 0 rgb(0 0 0 / 0.05);
    --shadow-md: 0 4px 6px -1px rgb(0 0 0 / 0.1), 0 2px 4px -2px rgb(0 0 0 / 0.1);
    --shadow-lg: 0 10px 15px -3px rgb(0 0 0 / 0.1), 0 4px 6px -4px rgb(0 0 0 / 0.1);
    --border-radius: 8px;
    --transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

body {
    font-family: 'Inter', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, sans-serif;
    line-height: 1.6;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
}

.container {
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 1rem;
}

/* Typography */
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
    font-weight: 600;
    line-height: 1.2;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

h1 { font-size: 2.5rem; }
h2 { font-size: 2rem; }
h3 { font-size: 1.5rem; }
h4 { font-size: 1.25rem; }

p {
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
}

a {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: var(--transition);
}

a:hover {
    color: var(--primary-dark);
}

/* Buttons */
.btn {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    padding: 0.75rem 1.5rem;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    font-weight: 500;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: var(--transition);
    border: none;
    cursor: pointer;
}

.btn-primary {
    background-color: var(--primary-color);
    color: white;
}

.btn-primary:hover {
    background-color: var(--primary-dark);
    color: white;
}

.btn-secondary {
    background-color: transparent;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    border: 2px solid var(--primary-color);
}

.btn-secondary:hover {
    background-color: var(--primary-color);
    color: white;
}

/* Navigation */
.navbar {
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    position: sticky;
    top: 0;
    z-index: 1000;
}

.nav-container {
    max-width: 1400px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 1rem;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    height: 80px;
    width: 100%;
}

.nav-brand {
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.nav-brand h1 {
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

.nav-brand a {
    text-decoration: none;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.nav-brand a:hover {
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.nav-brand p {
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
    margin: 0;
}

.nav-menu {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    flex: 1;
    justify-content: flex-end;
}

.nav-list {
    display: flex;
    list-style: none;
    gap: 1.5rem;
    margin: 0;
    flex-wrap: nowrap;
}

.nav-item {
    position: relative;
}

.nav-link {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.25rem;
    padding: 0.5rem 0;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: var(--transition);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    white-space: nowrap;
}

.nav-link:hover,
.nav-link.active {
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.dropdown {
    position: relative;
}

.dropdown-menu {
    position: absolute;
    top: 100%;
    left: 0;
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    min-width: 200px;
    opacity: 0;
    visibility: hidden;
    transform: translateY(-10px);
    transition: var(--transition);
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0.5rem 0;
    z-index: 1001;
}

.dropdown:hover .dropdown-menu {
    opacity: 1;
    visibility: visible;
    transform: translateY(0);
}

.dropdown-menu li {
    margin: 0;
}

.dropdown-menu a {
    display: block;
    padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.dropdown-menu a:hover {
    background-color: var(--bg-light);
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

/* Nested Dropdown Support */
.nav-item.nested-dropdown {
    position: relative;
}

.nested-dropdown-menu {
    position: absolute;
    left: 100%;
    top: 0;
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    min-width: 200px;
    opacity: 0;
    visibility: hidden;
    transform: translateX(-10px);
    transition: var(--transition);
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0.5rem 0;
    z-index: 1002;
}

.nav-item.nested-dropdown:hover .nested-dropdown-menu {
    opacity: 1;
    visibility: visible;
    transform: translateX(0);
}

.sub-menu-toggle {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
}

.sub-menu-toggle i {
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    margin-left: auto;
}

.hamburger {
    display: none;
    flex-direction: column;
    cursor: pointer;
    gap: 4px;
}

.bar {
    width: 25px;
    height: 3px;
    background-color: var(--text-dark);
    transition: var(--transition);
}

/* Hero Section */
.hero {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--bg-light) 0%, var(--bg-white) 100%);
    padding: 4rem 0;
    min-height: 80vh;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
}

.hero-content {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 4rem;
    align-items: center;
}

.hero-text {
    max-width: 600px;
}

.announcement {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    background-color: var(--accent-color);
    color: white;
    padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.hero-title {
    font-size: 3rem;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.hero-subtitle {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-weight: 500;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.hero-description {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    line-height: 1.7;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
}

.hero-buttons {
    display: flex;
    gap: 1rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.hero-image {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
}

.profile-image {
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 400px;
    height: auto;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
}

/* Contact Info Section */
.contact-info {
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
    padding: 3rem 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.contact-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(250px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.contact-item {
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 1rem;
}

.contact-item i {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-top: 0.25rem;
}

.contact-item h4 {
    color: var(--text-dark);
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.contact-item p {
    margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.social-links {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 1rem;
}

.social-link {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    background-color: var(--primary-color);
    color: white;
    border-radius: 50%;
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.social-link:hover {
    background-color: var(--primary-dark);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

/* News Section */
.news-section {
    background-color: var(--bg-light);
    padding: 3rem 0;
}

.section-title {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    color: var(--text-dark);
}

.news-ticker {
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    padding: 1rem;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    overflow: hidden;
}

.news-content {
    display: flex;
    animation: scroll 30s linear infinite;
    white-space: nowrap;
}

.news-content span {
    margin-right: 3rem;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    font-weight: 500;
}

@keyframes scroll {
    0% { transform: translateX(100%); }
    100% { transform: translateX(-100%); }
}

/* Statistics Section */
.stats-section {
    background-color: var(--primary-color);
    color: white;
    padding: 4rem 0;
}

.stats-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(200px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
}

.stat-item {
    text-align: center;
}

.stat-number {
    font-size: 3rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.stat-label {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    opacity: 0.9;
}

/* Research Section */
.research-section {
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
    padding: 4rem 0;
}

.research-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 3rem;
}

.research-list {
    list-style: none;
}

.research-list li {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 1rem;
    padding: 0.75rem 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.research-list li:last-child {
    border-bottom: none;
}

.research-list i {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-size: 1.1rem;
}

.research-link {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-weight: 500;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
}

.research-link:hover {
    color: var(--primary-dark);
}

/* Labs Section */
.labs-section {
    background-color: var(--bg-light);
    padding: 4rem 0;
}

.labs-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
}

.lab-card {
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
    padding: 2rem;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    text-align: center;
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.lab-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-4px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
}

.lab-card h3 {
    color: var(--text-dark);
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.lab-card p {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
}

.lab-link {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-weight: 500;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
}

.lab-link:hover {
    color: var(--primary-dark);
}

/* Affiliations Section */
.affiliations-section {
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
    padding: 4rem 0;
}

.affiliations-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
}

.affiliation-item {
    background-color: var(--bg-light);
    padding: 1.5rem;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    border-left: 4px solid var(--primary-color);
}

.affiliation-item h4 {
    color: var(--text-dark);
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.affiliation-item a {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-weight: 500;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
}

/* Academics Section */
.academics-section {
    background-color: var(--bg-light);
    padding: 4rem 0;
}

.academics-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(250px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
}

.academic-item {
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
    padding: 2rem;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    text-align: center;
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.academic-item:hover {
    transform: translateY(-4px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
}

.academic-item i {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.academic-item h3 {
    color: var(--text-dark);
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.academic-item p {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
}

.academic-link {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-weight: 500;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
}

.academic-link:hover {
    color: var(--primary-dark);
}

/* Sponsors Section */
.sponsors-section {
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
    padding: 4rem 0;
}

.sponsors-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(150px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
    align-items: center;
}

.sponsor-item {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 1rem;
    background-color: var(--bg-light);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.sponsor-item:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.sponsor-item img {
    max-width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    max-height: 80px;
    object-fit: contain;
}

/* Footer */
.footer {
    background-color: var(--text-dark);
    color: white;
    padding: 3rem 0 1rem;
}

.footer-content {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.footer-info h3 {
    color: white;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.footer-info p {
    color: #94a3b8;
    margin: 0;
}

.footer-links {
    display: flex;
    gap: 2rem;
}

.footer-links a {
    color: #94a3b8;
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.footer-links a:hover {
    color: white;
}

.footer-bottom {
    text-align: center;
    padding-top: 2rem;
    border-top: 1px solid #374151;
}

.footer-bottom p {
    color: #94a3b8;
    margin: 0;
}

/* Large Screens - Navbar adjustments */
@media (min-width: 1200px) {
    .nav-list {
        gap: 1.2rem;
    }
    
    .nav-link {
        font-size: 0.85rem;
    }
}

/* Medium Screens - Navbar adjustments */
@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1199px) {
    .nav-list {
        gap: 1rem;
    }
    
    .nav-link {
        font-size: 0.82rem;
    }
    
    .nav-brand h1 {
        font-size: 1.1rem;
    }
    
    .nav-brand p {
        font-size: 0.7rem;
    }
}

/* Responsive Design */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .nav-container {
        padding: 0 0.5rem;
    }
    
    .hamburger {
        display: flex;
    }
    
    .nav-menu {
        position: fixed;
        top: 80px;
        left: -100%;
        width: 100%;
        height: calc(100vh - 80px);
        background-color: var(--bg-white);
        flex-direction: column;
        justify-content: flex-start;
        align-items: center;
        padding-top: 2rem;
        transition: var(--transition);
        box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
        overflow-y: auto;
    }
    
    .nav-menu.active {
        left: 0;
    }
    
    .nav-list {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 1rem;
    }
    
    .dropdown-menu {
        position: static;
        box-shadow: none;
        background-color: var(--bg-light);
        margin-top: 0.5rem;
        border-radius: var(--border-radius);
        display: none;
    }

    /* Open state for mobile dropdowns */
    .dropdown.open > .dropdown-menu {
        display: block;
    }
    
    .nested-dropdown-menu {
        position: static;
        opacity: 1;
        visibility: visible;
        transform: none;
        box-shadow: none;
        background-color: var(--bg-white);
        margin-left: 1rem;
        margin-top: 0.5rem;
        border-radius: var(--border-radius);
        display: none;
    }
    
    .nested-dropdown-menu.open {
        display: block;
    }
    
    .sub-menu-toggle.open i {
        transform: rotate(90deg);
        transition: transform 0.3s ease;
    }
    
    .hero-content {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 2rem;
        text-align: center;
    }
    
    .hero-title {
        font-size: 2rem;
    }
    
    .hero-buttons {
        justify-content: center;
    }
    
    .contact-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
    
    .research-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
    
    .footer-content {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 1rem;
        text-align: center;
    }
    
    .footer-links {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 1rem;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .container {
        padding: 0 0.5rem;
    }
    
    .hero {
        padding: 2rem 0;
    }
    
    .hero-title {
        font-size: 1.75rem;
    }
    
    .section-title {
        font-size: 1.5rem;
    }
    
    .btn {
        padding: 0.625rem 1.25rem;
        font-size: 0.9rem;
    }
    
    .page-title {
        font-size: 1.75rem;
    }
    
    .content-section {
        padding: 1.5rem;
    }
    
    .section-subtitle {
        font-size: 1.25rem;
    }
    
    .accomplishment-list li {
        padding: 0.5rem 0;
        padding-left: 1.5rem;
    }
    
    .accomplishment-list li:before {
        font-size: 1rem;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .page-title {
        font-size: 2rem;
    }
    
    .content-section {
        padding: 1.5rem;
    }
    
    .content-section p {
        font-size: 0.95rem;
    }
    
    .publications-layout {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 1.5rem;
    }
    
    .publications-sidebar {
        position: static;
        order: 2;
    }
    
    .sidebar-nav {
        position: sticky;
        top: 80px;
        z-index: 50;
    }
    
    .publications-content {
        order: 1;
    }
    
    .publication-item {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 0.5rem;
    }
    
    .pub-number {
        min-width: auto;
        font-size: 1rem;
    }
    
    .pub-text {
        font-size: 0.9rem;
    }
    
    .course-item {
        padding: 1.25rem;
    }
    
    .course-item h4 {
        font-size: 1.1rem;
    }
    
    .course-semester {
        font-size: 0.9rem;
    }
}

/* Animation for counters */
@keyframes countUp {
    from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(20px); }
    to { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }
}

.stat-number.animate {
    animation: countUp 0.6s ease-out;
}

/* Smooth scrolling */
html {
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

/* Focus styles for accessibility */
button:focus,
a:focus {
    outline: 2px solid var(--primary-color);
    outline-offset: 2px;
}

/* Page Content Styles */
.page-content {
    padding: 4rem 0;
    min-height: calc(100vh - 200px);
}

/* Two-column layout for projects pages */
.projects-wrapper {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 33% 67%;
    gap: 2rem;
    margin-top: 2rem;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .projects-wrapper {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
}

.projects-sidebar {
    background: white;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    padding: 2rem;
    position: sticky;
    top: 100px;
    height: fit-content;
    max-height: calc(100vh - 150px);
    overflow-y: auto;
}

.projects-sidebar h2 {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.projects-sidebar .sidebar-link {
    display: block;
    padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    text-decoration: none;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    transition: var(--transition);
    border-left: 3px solid transparent;
}

.projects-sidebar .sidebar-link:hover {
    background-color: var(--bg-light);
    border-left-color: var(--primary-color);
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.projects-sidebar .sidebar-link.active {
    background-color: var(--bg-light);
    border-left-color: var(--primary-color);
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-weight: 600;
}

.projects-content {
    background: white;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    padding: 2rem;
}

.projects-content h3 {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.projects-content p {
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    line-height: 1.8;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    font-size: 1rem;
}

.projects-content p strong:first-child {
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.projects-content b {
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

/* Bio Sketch Page Styles */
.bio-content {
    background: white;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    padding: 2rem;
}

.bio-image {
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.bio-text {
    line-height: 1.8;
    color: var(--text-dark);
}

.bio-text h1 {
    font-size: 2rem;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.bio-text p {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    font-size: 1rem;
    text-align: left;
}

.bio-text a {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    text-decoration: none;
}

.bio-text a:hover {
    text-decoration: underline;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .bio-image img {
        width: 200px !important;
        height: 200px !important;
        margin: 0 auto 1.5rem !important;
        display: block;
        float: none !important;
    }
    
    .bio-text h1 {
        text-align: center;
    }
}

.contact-wrapper {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 320px 1fr;
    gap: 2rem;
    background: white;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    padding: 2rem;
}

.contact-wrapper.single-column {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}

.contact-image img {
    display: block;
}

.contact-info-section p {
    color: var(--text-dark);
}

.contact-cards {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
    gap: 1rem;
    margin-top: 1.5rem;
}

.contact-card {
    background: var(--bg-light);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    padding: 1rem;
    border-left: 4px solid var(--primary-color);
}

.contact-card h4 {
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.contact-actions {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    margin-top: 1.5rem;
}

.contact-actions a {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .contact-wrapper {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
    .contact-cards {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
}

.page-title {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    text-align: center;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.content-section {
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
    padding: 2rem;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.content-section p {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    line-height: 1.8;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    font-size: 1rem;
}

.section-subtitle {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-top: 2rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.section-subtitle:first-child {
    margin-top: 0;
}

.accomplishment-list {
    list-style: none;
    padding-left: 0;
}

.accomplishment-list li {
    padding: 0.75rem 0;
    padding-left: 2rem;
    position: relative;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    line-height: 1.8;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.accomplishment-list li:last-child {
    border-bottom: none;
}

.accomplishment-list li:before {
    content: "✓";
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-weight: bold;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
}

.accomplishment-list li strong {
    color: var(--text-dark);
    font-weight: 600;
}

/* Courses List Styles */
.courses-list {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 1.5rem;
    margin-top: 2rem;
}

.course-item {
    background-color: var(--bg-light);
    padding: 1.5rem;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    border-left: 4px solid var(--primary-color);
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.course-item:hover {
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    transform: translateX(4px);
}

.course-item h4 {
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    color: var(--text-dark);
}

.course-item h4 a {
    color: var(--text-dark);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.course-item h4 a:hover {
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.course-item h4 a::after {
    content: " ↗";
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    opacity: 0;
    transition: var(--transition);
    margin-left: 0.25rem;
}

.course-item h4 a:hover::after {
    opacity: 1;
}

.course-semester {
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    margin: 0;
    font-style: italic;
}

/* Publications Page Styles */
.publications-layout {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 250px 1fr;
    gap: 2rem;
    margin-top: 2rem;
}

.publications-sidebar {
    position: sticky;
    top: 100px;
    height: fit-content;
}

.sidebar-nav {
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    padding: 1.5rem;
}

.sidebar-nav-list {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
}

.sidebar-link {
    display: block;
    padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    text-decoration: none;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    transition: var(--transition);
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.sidebar-link:hover {
    background-color: var(--bg-light);
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.sidebar-link.active {
    background-color: var(--primary-color);
    color: white;
}

.publications-content {
    min-height: 400px;
}

.publication-section {
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

.publication-item {
    display: flex;
    gap: 1rem;
    padding: 1rem 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.publication-item:last-child {
    border-bottom: none;
}

.pub-number {
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    min-width: 40px;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.pub-text {
    flex: 1;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    line-height: 1.7;
    margin: 0;
}

.pub-text em {
    font-style: italic;
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.note-text {
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-style: italic;
    margin-top: 2rem;
    text-align: center;
    padding: 1rem;
    background-color: var(--bg-light);
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
}

/* Loading animation */
.loading {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(20px);
    transition: all 0.6s ease;
}

.loading.loaded {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
}

/* Research Group Page Styles */
.section {
    scroll-margin-top: 100px;
}

.sticky-nav {
    position: sticky;
    top: 80px;
    background: white;
    z-index: 100;
    margin: 2rem 0;
    padding: 1rem 0;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--border-color);
    box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
}

.sticky-nav-container {
    display: flex;
    gap: 1rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    justify-content: center;
}

.sticky-nav-link {
    padding: 0.5rem 1.5rem;
    background-color: var(--bg-light);
    color: var(--text-dark);
    text-decoration: none;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    transition: var(--transition);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.sticky-nav-link:hover {
    background-color: var(--primary-color);
    color: white;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.team-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(280px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
    margin-top: 2rem;
}

.team-member {
    background: white;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    padding: 1.5rem;
    text-align: center;
    transition: var(--transition);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    min-height: 380px;
}

.team-member:hover {
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    border-color: var(--primary-color);
}

.member-photo {
    width: 140px;
    height: 140px;
    margin: 0 auto 1rem;
    border-radius: 50%;
    overflow: hidden;
    border: 3px solid var(--border-color);
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.team-member:hover .member-photo {
    border-color: var(--primary-color);
}

.member-photo img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
}

.team-member h3 {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.member-role,
.member-batch {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
    margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.member-details {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    margin-bottom: auto;
    line-height: 1.5;
    flex-grow: 1;
}

.team-member .btn {
    margin-top: 1rem;
    width: 100%;
    justify-content: center;
    align-self: flex-end;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .team-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
    
    .team-member {
        min-height: auto;
    }
    
    .member-photo {
        width: 120px;
        height: 120px;
    }
    
    .sticky-nav-container {
        gap: 0.5rem;
    }
    
    .sticky-nav-link {
        padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
        font-size: 0.85rem;
    }
}

/* Technology Development Page Styles */
.tech-card {
    background: white;
    border-radius: var(--border-radius);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    padding: 2rem;
    margin: 2rem 0;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.tech-card:hover {
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    border-color: var(--primary-color);
}

.tech-title {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-size: 1.75rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.tech-subtitle {
    color: var(--text-dark);
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    margin-top: 1.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.tech-list {
    list-style: none;
    padding-left: 0;
    margin: 1rem 0;
}

.tech-list li {
    padding: 0.5rem 0;
    padding-left: 2rem;
    position: relative;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    line-height: 1.8;
}

.tech-list li:before {
    content: "•";
    position: absolute;
    left: 0.5rem;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-weight: bold;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
}

.tech-card p {
    color: var(--text-dark);
    line-height: 1.8;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .tech-card {
        padding: 1.5rem;
    }
    
    .tech-title {
        font-size: 1.5rem;
    }
    
    .tech-subtitle {
        font-size: 1.1rem;
    }
}